Universidade Fernando Pessoa
Porto, Portugal
Plate 503 - The Neogene stratigraphic signature, as proposed by P. Vail and his students, is depicted above. In this stratigraphic signature, three major transgressive episodes are associated with the following maximum flooding surfaces: MFS 24.8 Ma, MFS 16/15 Ma and MFS 5.0 Ma (see next).
Stratigraphic Signature
1) Lower Oligocene Landward Thickening
2) Upper Oligocene Basinward Onlap
3) Basal Lower Miocene Flooding (MFS 24.8 Ma)
4) Lower Miocene (Aquitanian) Aggradation Commonly Ending
with Major Lowstand Deposits ( 22.0 Ma)
5) Lower Miocene (Burdigalian) Aggradation Commonly Ending
with Major Lowstand Deposits (21.0 Ma)
6) Middle Miocene (Langhian & Lowermost Serravallian Flooding (16 / 15 Ma)
7) Middle Miocene (Serravallian) Major Progradation (15 / 10.5 Ma)
8) End Middle Miocene Major Downward Shift of Onlap & Low-
stand deposits ( 10.5 Ma)
9) Upper Miocene Aggradation Commonly Ending with Lowstand
Deposits (10.5 / 5.0 Ma)
10) Lower Pliocene Flooding (5.0 M
11) Pliocene-Lower Pleistocene Aggradation with Multiple Low-
stand Deposits ( 5.0 / 1.6 Ma)
12) Upper Pleistocene High Frequency Sequence Cycles
Major Relative Displacements of Coastal Break
30.0---------25.5 Ma Seaward
25.5---------24.8 Ma Landward
24.8---------15.5 Ma Seaward
15.5---------15.0 Ma Landward
15.0---------10.5 Ma Seaward
10.5---------5.0 Ma Landward
5.0-----------0.8 Ma Seaward
Major Floodings
24.8-----18.5-----15.0-----5.0 Ma
Plate 504- This stratigraphic signature was the result of sequential stratigraphic and geohistory backstripping analysis of data from the western Atlantic-offshore, Gulf of Mexico-Alabama offshore and Texas, Maracaibo Basin (Venezuela), Canterbury (New Zealand), Northeast Java, Mahakam (Indonesia), Sabah, Bahamas and Ross-Sea (Antarctica)
Exercises:
Plate 505 - Make a sequential interpretation of the upper part of this line, which is the seaward continuation of the one illustrated in Plate 506. Then, using the Neogene stratigraphic signature (Plate 504), propose an age for the main unconformities.
Plate 506- This line is the landward continuation of the line illustrated in Plate 505. Make the same exercise as the previously, using the a priori knowledge of Vail’s Neogene stratigraphic signature.
Plate 507- Make a sequential interpretation of this line from offshore Kaitanimbar. Then calibrate the sequence cycle boundaries using the Neogene stratigraphic signature. Criticize your interpretation as well as the proposed interpretation shown in Plate 508.
Plate 508- On this interpretation, a foredeep basin context is considered to take place at Lower Oligocene (SB. 30 Ma). Callovian, Vallanginian and Barremian unconformities are speculative, while the others are hypothetical, i.e., determined according the Vail’s Neogene stratigraphic signature.
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