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On this tentative geological interpretation of a close-up of a seismic line of the Kwanza offshore (Angola), the geoscientist in charge of the interpretation knew, a priori, the regional and global geological contexts of the area. Subsequently, for him it was quite easy to recognize on this close-up the major geological events characterizing the Kwanza offshore : (i) The tectonic disharmony induced by the salt layer represented, in this area, mainly by salt welds, which separates deformed sediments above from almost undeformed sediments below ; (ii) A major unconformity (SB. 30 Ma, in red) which corresponds to the erosional surface caused by the relative sea level fall associated by to the formation of the Antarctic ice cap and characterized by the onlapping of the overlying sediments and erosional toplapping of the underlying sediments ; (iii) The aggradational post-salt sediments of the divergent margin, bounded by the salt tectonic disharmony and the Oligocene unconformity, which form the transgressive phase of the post-Pangea continental encroachment stratigraphic cycle ; (iv) The progradational post-salt strata, above the Oligocene unconformity, which correspond to the regressive phase of the post-Pangea continental encroachment stratigraphic cycle ; (v) The Late-Tertiary uplift of the distal part of the margin, which is characterized not only by a westward tilting of the bottom of the salt layer and the erosional toplapping at the bottom of the sea, etc., etc.

 

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Basic Principles of Scientific Seismic Interpretation

by

C. Cramez

 

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Copyright © 2012  C. Cramez
Last modification: December, 2014